BlockFlyLEACH: Enhanced Energy Efficient for Dynamic Clustering in WSNs

The exponential growth of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has underscored the need for efficient clustering techniques to enhance network performance and prolong sensor node lifespans. This paper presents BlockFlyLEACH, an innovative approach that integrates the Enhanced Firefly Algorithm with the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol with Blockchain, to achieve dynamic clustering in WSNs. The proposed method utilizes the firefly algorithm’s optimization capabilities to determine optimal cluster head positions and enhance LEACH's energy efficiency. BlockFlyLEACH aims to balance energy consumption across sensor nodes, reduce data transmission delays, and improve overall network reliability. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in network longevity, energy consumption, and data packet delivery rates compared to traditional LEACH and other existing clustering algorithms. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to develop robust and adaptive WSN clustering protocols that can efficiently handle the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of real-world sensor networks.