The spring and the khachkar (monuments of the Second World War and formation of new khachkars in Soviet and post Soviet context)

The 1950s-1960s in Soviet Armenia were a period of significant cultural development, characterized by a degree of liberalization and a resurgence of national identity within the constraints of Soviet ideology. The exploration of khachkars, medieval Christian-folk monuments, as symbols of Armenian public space during this period offers valuable insights into the intersection of traditional heritage and socialist ideology. The influence of Soviet monuments, particularly those commemorating the Patriotic War, on the design of khachkars is a significant aspect of this cultural phenomenon. By examining fountain-monuments related to the war, this research uncovers the intricate connections between these modern constructs and traditional Armenian architectural forms. The process of constructing war-related monuments in Soviet Armenia was multifaceted, often drawing from traditional types while also incorporating elements of Soviet symbolism and ideology. This decentralized approach to monument construction reflects the complex interplay between historical tradition and contemporary political context. One particularly intriguing aspect of this study is the exploration of how the architectural logic of medieval structures, such as springs, served as the foundation for the dimensional and sculptural solutions of modern khachkars. By tracing this evolution, this article gives a deeper understanding of how traditional forms were adapted and reinterpreted within the framework of Soviet cultural policy. Overall, this research promises to shed light on a previously unstudied aspect of Soviet-Armenian cultural history, offering valuable insights into the evolution of symbolic monuments in the region. By examining the intersections between traditional heritage and socialist ideology, the research spreads a richer understanding of the complexities of cultural expression in the Soviet era.