Toward an Affordable Sustainable Housing Model in Yaoundé Rooted in Traditional and Colonial Architectural Heritages

The objective of this article is to integrate vernacular construction techniques to address current housing needs in the Cameroonian capital. It highlights traditional and colonial knowledge in vernacular architecture to develop accessible and sustainable housing solutions adapted to climatic and cultural conditions. The research tackles the issue of economic and ecological housing while preserving local architectural traditions. It analyses the use of local materials such as earth and bamboo for their cost and sustainability benefits. Traditional techniques, such as rammed earth walls and palm leaf roofs, are presented as viable alternatives to often costly and less eco- friendly modern materials. Additionally, the colonial influence, combining European and local elements, is explored for its complementary contributions. This work proposes a synthesis of best practices to create housing that respects cultural heritage and meets contemporary demands for sustainability and accessibility. This approach offers viable solutions for the communities of Yaoundé, in harmony with their environment and history, and contributes to the reflection on the future of housing in African urban contexts.