Clinical Presentation and Risk Factors of Acute Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas involving varying degrees of regional tissues and distant organ systems. This study aims to investigate the clinical presentations and risk factors associated with acute pancreatitis to enhance understanding and guide more effective management strategies. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and risk factors associated with acute pancreatitis. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from July 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023, spanning 2.6 years. The study included 42 consecutive patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Data were collected by reviewing patient records for demographic details, clinical presentations, etiological factors, complications, and outcomes. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23, with categorical variables expressed as numbers and percentages. Result: The majority of the 42 patients included in the study were within the age group of 20-39 years, 24 (57.14%) patients The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain, reported by 40 (95.24%) patients. Biliary causes, including gallstones and common bile duct stones, were identified as the predominant etiology in 27 (64.29%) patients. Complications included necrotizing pancreatitis in 4 (9.52%) patients. Regarding outcomes, 27 (64.29%) patients recovered and were discharged. Conclusion: Effective management, emphasizing early diagnosis and treatment, is crucial for reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with acute pancreatitis.