Changes in the Sex Ratio of Species Based on the Lotka-Volterra Equation

Changes in sex ratio have an important impact on the species as well as the surrounding ecological environment. In this paper, a predator-prey model and the Lotka-Volterra equation were developed to study the population dynamics of the species and the relationship between the changes in sex ratio, taking lampreys as an example. A sex-ratio adjustment function was introduced to modify the model to simulate the effects of populations of species with different sex ratios on prey abundance compared to populations with a standard 1:1 sex ratio. At the same time, the evolutionary trend of the ecosystem under different scenarios was investigated by modelling the system dynamics of species populations with other species based on the Lotka-Volterra equation. After incorporating the quantitative relationship between food availability and the sex ratio of species populations to refine the model, the effects of changes in sex ratio on the ecosystem were again analysed.