Finite Temperature Magnetism in the Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet KErTe₂

Abstract After the discovery of the ARECh 2 (A = alkali or monovalent ions, RE = rare-earth, Ch = chalcogen) triangular lattice quantum spin liquid (QSL) family, a series of its oxide, sulfide, and selenide counterparts has been consistently reported and extensively investigated. While KErTe 2 represents the initial synthesized telluride member, preserving its triangular spin lattice, it was anticipated that the substantial tellurium ions could impart more pronounced magnetic attributes and electronic structures to this material class. This study delves into the magnetism of KErTe 2 at finite temperatures through magnetization and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. Based on the angular momentum <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>^</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> after spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and symmetry analysis, we obtain the magnetic effective Hamiltonian to describe the magnetism of Er 3+ in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> space group. Applying the mean-field approximation to the Hamiltonian, we can simulate the magnetization and magnetic heat capacity of KErTe 2 in paramagnetic state and determine the crystalline electric field (CEF) parameters and partial exchange interactions. The relatively narrow energy gaps between the CEF ground state and excited states exert a significant influence on the magnetism. For example, small CEF excitations can result in a significant broadening of the ESR linewidth at 2 K. For the fitted exchange interactions, although the values are small, given a large angular momentum J = 15/2 after SOC, they still have a noticeable effect at finite temperatures. Notably, the heat capacity data under different magnetic fields along the c axis direction also roughly match our calculated results, further validating the reliability of our analytical approach. These derived parameters serve as crucial tools for future investigations into the ground state magnetism of KErTe 2 . The findings presented herein lay a foundation for exploration of the intricate magnetism within the triangular-lattice delafossite family.