Ultrafast Quasi‐Solid‐State Microwave Construction of Spongy Cobalt–Molybdenum Phosphide for Hydrogen Production Over Wide pH Range

The developed strategies for synthesizing metal phosphides are usually cumbersome and pollute the environment. In this work, an ultrafast (30 s) quasi-solid-state microwave approach is developed to construct cobalt-molybdenum phosphide decorated with Ru (Ru/Co_xP-MoP) featured porous morphology with interconnected channels. The specific nanostructure favors mass transport, such as electrolyte bubbles transfer and exposing rich active sites. Moreover, the coupling effects between metallic elements, especially the decorated Ru, also act as a pivotal role on enhancing the electrocatalytic performance. Benefiting from the effects of composition and specific nanostructure, the prepared Ru/Co_xP-MoP exhibits efficient HER performance with a current density of 10 mA cm^-2 achieved in 1 m KOH, 0.5 m H₂SO₄, seawater containing 1 m KOH and 1 m PBS, with overpotentials of 52, 59, 55, 90 mV, and coupling with good stability. This work opens a novel and fast avenue to design metal-phosphide-based nanomaterials in energy-conversion and storage fields.