A two-stage optimization control strategy of private EVs and public EBs for system resilience enhancement

Abstract Deploying microgrids (MG) in metropolitan cities is entitled to the increasing frequency of extreme meteorological events in recent years. In this context, effective vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control strategies are pivotal in upholding the essential loads of an energy system during MG islanding scenarios. This paper explores the advantages of resilience enhancement through intelligent V2G services in an urban multi-energy microgrid (MEMG). Then it compares the effect of private electric vehicle (PrEV) collaboration with public electric bus (PuEB) collaboration on system resilience. A two-stage optimization approach is proposed to obtain an aggregate response plan and allocate the aggregate charging/discharging power to PrEVs or puEBs. Simulation results indicate that the coordinated operation of prEVs or puEBs based on the proposed strategy can significantly alleviate essential load curtailment during extreme operation conditions.