Research on security protection strategies for household distributed photovoltaic clusters

Abstract As of the end of March 2023, the cumulative grid-connected capacity of distributed photovoltaics in China was 176.32 GW. In the first quarter of 2023, the new added capacity of it amounted to 18.13 GW. Among them, the addition of grid-connected household-scale photovoltaic capacity was 8.92 GW. The installed capacity and grid-connected capacity continue to maintain a rapid growth trend, with characteristics such as small capacity, large quantity, large load fluctuation, multiple grid-connected points, and difficulty in adjustment. Access to distributed devices on the massive user side cannot be achieved through traditional authentication methods due to their limited resources. Besides, when conducting group dispatching and control for distributed photovoltaic clusters, it is necessary to encrypt and protect the parameters and control command data of group equipment. In response to the above issues, this article studies and proposes a security protection strategy for household distributed photovoltaic clusters. On resource-limited photovoltaic end devices, lightweight authentication of photovoltaic end devices is achieved through a security communication connector embedded with a security module in a software-hardware integrated mode. Then, a photovoltaic cluster data encryption strategy was designed to achieve encrypted transmission of group data, such as parameters and control instructions between intelligent fusion terminals and photovoltaic end devices.