Digital twins design for water cold plate using reduced order model

Abstract Water cold plates are widely used for heat dissipation in electronic devices. The design of water cold plats includes fluid characterization, heat transfer analysis, and fluid-solid coupling analysis, which are mostly carried out by fluid or thermal design software simulation, resulting in low simulation efficiency. This paper proposes a water cold plate simulation method based on digital twins, which realizes the downgrading of the traditional 3D CFD simulation model to a 1D mathematical model (ROM) and greatly shortens the thermal simulation calculation time. Meanwhile, real-time mapping is established between the physical form of the cold plate and the digital twin model to visualize the traditional invisible and unmeasurable parameters. In addition, based on the external real-time measurement data, the digital twin ROM model is driven to perform calculations and output the results, thus realizing the thermal performance evaluation of the cold plate under various working conditions, which greatly improves the efficiency of thermal design and thermal simulation of electronic devices.