Geometric error compensation method of five-axis CNC machine tool based on improved genetic algorithm

Abstract A method for compensating geometric errors using an improved genetic algorithm is suggested to mitigate the impact of geometric errors on machining precision in machine tools. The initial step involves a study of the structural and geometric inaccuracies of the five-axis CNC machine tool. Subsequently, theoretical and actual kinematic models of the machine tool are formulated using the method of transformation through homogeneous coordinate matrices, and the overall positional error of the machine tool is determined. Then, the genetic algorithm is improved by narrowing the initial population range and changing the chromosome selection weight in the convergence range, leading to the implementation of error compensation calculations. Ultimately, the effectiveness of this approach is validated by simulating the manufacturing of three-dimensional curved parts in VERICUT.