Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Water / FMWCNT Nanofluid Passed in a 2D Backward Facing Step Channel

In recent years, the study of heat transfer of nanofluids, rheological behavior and significant developments in this field have led to the widespread use of industrial equipment among researchers. Current numerical analysis three different ratios (0.0, 0.12, 0.25 %) of a nanomaterial functional multi-walled carbon nanotube (FMWCNT) were used by mixing it with pure water to improve the thermophysical properties of water. The finite volume method (Ansys Fluent R23) was used for the Reynolds number range (10000 -18000) with turbulent flow. The results of the numerical simulation were interpreted as the Nusselt number, the features of the distribution of fluid velocity, temperature and pressure. The results of the current study indicate a decrease in surface temperature and an increase in the coefficient of heat transfer by forced convection as a result of enhancing the weight ratio of nanomaterials and the Reynolds number. The axial velocity of the flow increased by increasing the Reynolds number, resulting in enhanced momentum. The decrease in axial velocity and the increase in the probability of vortex generation at the beginning of the channel when the fluid momentum increases, especially the areas near the lower wall