Simulation of the Dynamic Impact of High-Speed Rolling Stock on Buried Structures of the Tunnel Type

The article considers the problem of assessing the rate of influence of the vibrational impact of high-speed rolling stock on the bearing elements of a tunnel-type buried culvert. In particular, it studies the process of formation of a directed impulse of mechanical vibrations emitted by a rail-sleeper grid under the influence of a moving, dynamic load, with the presence of a twofold phase transition between soil layers with different physical and mechanical properties. Numerical simulation was carried out in the Comsol environment in a non-stationary formulation with construction of systems of differential equations of motion and their subsequent solution using the finite element method. The study has found the wave nature of distribution of deformations and accelerations in the soil thickness with a tendency to a sharp decrease in the intensity of energy processes within the depths of 5–7 m. For sewers of considerable thickness of the lining, the structure is mostly subject to bending, while a structure with a smaller wall thickness and a larger diameter of the tunnel is subject to high longitudinal and vertical loads.