Approaches to Methodological Rationale of Development of Single Backbone Transport Network and Prioritisation of Transport Infrastructure Development Projects

The article discusses approaches to rationale of the development of the Single Backbone Transport Network (SBTN), political, scientific and mathematical prerequisites for identifying key infrastructure elements. The Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 with a forecast until 2035 provides basic criteria for each of the backbone networks of modes of transport, while it is highlighted that the development of the SBTN is carried out using transport and economic balance tools. The article explores the possibilities for the practical application of scientific methods in the implementation of state transport policy based on the existing regulatory framework. Selection of key (backbone) transport infrastructure is proposed to be made with the Kruskal’s algorithm, as well as with corresponding optimisation methods using the principles of connectivity, alternativelessness and intensity. Description of the construction of a connected network graph includes description of its edges and vertices as well. Application of the described algorithms results in construction of the segments of the SBTN forming a connected transport network that includes the core transport structural framework of the Single Network, as well as additional sections of the network that ensure the passage of traffic flows with the highest cargo and passenger turnover, which together satisfy the restrictive conditions on financing their maintenance and repair. The proposed methodology can be used, e.g., in development of transport and economic balance tools, as well as of specialised software for modelling traffic flows. Thus, the article presents a rationale for providing scientific advice and guidance in implementation of state transport policy intended to improve its quality by promoting an evidence-based approach.