Genetically predicted metabolites mediate the association between immune cells and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a mendelian randomization study

Our study demonstrated that certain immunophenotypes and metabolite/metabolite ratios have independent causal relationships with MASLD. Furthermore, we identified specific metabolites/metabolite ratios that are associated with an increased risk of MASLD. However, their mediating role in the causal association between immunophenotypes and MASLD was not significant. It is important to consider immune and metabolic disorders among patients with MASLD in clinical practice.