Experimental studies of the influence of oriented planting cloves for the formation of garlic heads

Research has been conducted and the results of laboratory and field experiments are given regarding the influence of the orientation of the teeth during their planting on the formation of the final shape and size of garlic heads with such placement of each tooth in the groove: planting cloves with the bottom down and the sprout up; planting on a level surface - the tooth lies on its side; planting one tooth with the bottom up, and the second - with the sprout down; planting cloves with the bottom up and the sprout down; planting teeth, placing it edge down on an aligned (wedge-shaped) compacted with subsequent wrapping and compaction of the surface layer; planting on a level surface - the tooth was placed with the edge up; planting the tooth with the edge up on a leveled surface with a compacted bottom and wrapping it without compacting the surface layer. The results of observations of the phases of growth and development of plants in laboratory conditions are analyzed and given. Studies have confirmed that the best way to germinate a clove of garlic fully is to place it in the groove with the bottom down and the sprout up. Under such conditions, its powerful root system is formed, which is the key to obtaining a high yield and commercial appearance of the head of garlic in the future. Field experiments also confirmed that when garlic cloves were planted vertically with the sprout up and the bottom down, vertical growth and a straight plant stem were observed, while for all types of horizontal placement of cloves in the groove, stems were bent and heads formed at some angle to the vertical, dimensions and the shapes of which hardly differed from the shapes of the heads with vertical orientation of the teeth during planting. Experimental studies in field conditions have confirmed a 5-7% decrease in the weight of the formed heads of garlic with the horizontal orientation of the cloves during planting compared to their vertical placement with the bottom down and the sprout up.