Mineral Content and Amino Acid Profile of Magur Fish (Clarias batrachus) from Bihar: A Nutritional Assessment

The Magur fish (Clarias batrachus), a staple in the diet of many communities in Bihar, is renowned for its nutritional benefits. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the mineral content and amino acid profile of Magur fish to provide an in-depth nutritional assessment, thereby highlighting its value in human nutrition and potential applications in food science. The primary objective of this research was to determine the concentration of essential minerals and the complete amino acid profile of Magur fish sourced from Bihar, and to evaluate their nutritional significance and potential health benefits. Fresh samples of Magur fish were collected from local markets in Bihar. The mineral content, including calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and selenium, was quantified using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The amino acid profile was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results were compared with standard nutritional requirements to assess the fish's potential in addressing dietary deficiencies. The analysis revealed that Magur fish is a rich source of essential minerals. Calcium content was found to be 120 mg/100g, potassium 320 mg/100g, magnesium 45 mg/100g, iron 5 mg/100g, zinc 2.5 mg/100g, and selenium 35 µg/100g. The amino acid profile showed high levels of essential amino acids such as lysine (8.5 g/100g protein), leucine (7.2 g/100g protein), and valine (5.6 g/100g protein). The non-essential amino acids, including glycine (6.8 g/100g protein) and proline (4.3 g/100g protein), were also present in significant amounts. The findings indicate that Magur fish from Bihar is a valuable source of essential minerals and amino acids, making it a highly nutritious food item. Its high calcium and iron content can help mitigate deficiencies commonly seen in the region. Moreover, the amino acid profile suggests potential benefits in muscle repair and growth, making it an excellent dietary addition for various population groups, including children, athletes, and the elderly. This nutritional assessment underscores the importance of Magur fish in dietary planning and public health nutrition. It can guide policymakers in promoting local fish consumption to enhance nutritional security. Additionally, the data can be utilized in developing nutraceuticals and dietary supplements to address specific nutritional deficiencies. Further research may explore the bioavailability of these nutrients and the impact of different cooking methods on their retention. By presenting a detailed mineral and amino acid analysis, this study provides a scientific basis for the nutritional promotion of Magur fish and supports its role in improving dietary quality and health outcomes in Bihar and similar regions.