Micromagnetic analysis of magnetic vortex dynamics for reservoir computing

Reservoir computing (RC) has generated significant interest for its ability to reduce computational costs compared to traditional neural networks. The performance of the RC element is quantified by its memory capacity (MC) and prediction capability. In this study, we utilize micromagnetic simulations to investigate a magnetic vortex based on a permalloy ferromagnetic layer and its dynamics in RC. The nonlinear dynamics of the vortex core (VC), driven by continuous oscillating magnetic fields and binary digit data as spin-polarized current pulses, are analyzed. The highest MC observed is 4.1, corresponding to the nonlinear VC dynamics. Additionally, the prediction capability is evaluated using the Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Moving Average 2 task, demonstrating a normalized mean squared error of 0.0241 highlighting the time-series data prediction performance of the vortex as a reservoir.