Trauma-Informed Care in Oral Health Care: The role of dental hygienists.

Traumatic experiences can impact individuals' oral health and how they experience dental treatment in ways patients and their dental providers may or may not initially anticipate. As approximately half of children and two-thirds of adults in the United States have experienced some type of traumatic event, it is critically important for providers to be aware of patients' trauma histories and to appropriately provide trauma-informed care to their patients when needed. Individuals with a trauma history may experience significant anxiety and distress in the dental setting, even for treatment many providers and patients consider to be "simple," such as a brief intraoral examination, radiographs, or prophylaxis. Such aspects of the dental setting may trigger memories and emotions related to the original trauma and may re-traumatize patients. This short report introduces links between traumatic history, poor oral health, and dental care-related fear and anxiety. Additionally, this paper briefly describes how dental hygienists can provide compassionate trauma-informed care to their patients with the goal of providing whole-person care that considers patients' comfort, health goals, and prior experiences. Specific recommendations for providing trauma-informed care to children and adults within the scope of dental hygiene practice are provided, as is suggested wording for acknowledging a patient's prior trauma and tailoring dental care to accommodate patient experiences and concerns. As dental hygienists are often the oral health providers spending the most time with patients, they are uniquely positioned to provide compassionate effective trauma-informed care to patients with past traumatic experiences.