Overview of the first Wendelstein 7-X long pulse campaign with fully water-cooled plasma facing components

Abstract After a long device enhancement phase, scientific operation resumed in 2022. The main new device components are the water cooling of all plasma facing components and the new water-cooled high heat flux divertor units. Water cooling allowed for the first long-pulse operation campaign. A maximum discharge length of 8 min was achieved with a total heating energy of 1.3 GJ. Safe divertor operation was demonstrated in attached and detached mode. Stable detachment is readily achieved in some magnetic configurations but requires impurity seeding in configurations with small magnetic pitch angle within the edge islands. Progress was made in the characterization of transport mechanisms across edge magnetic islands: Measurement of the potential distribution and flow pattern reveals that the islands are associated with a strong poloidal drift, which leads to rapid convection of energy and particles from the last closed flux surface into the scrape-off layer. Using the upgraded plasma heating systems, advanced heating scenarios were developed, which provide improved energy confinement comparable to the scenario, in which the record triple product for stellarators was achieved in the previous operation campaign. However, a magnetic configuration-dependent critical heating power limit of the electron cyclotron resonance heating was observed. Exceeding the respective power limit leads to a degradation of the confinement.

Authors

T. Dittmar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-7979)
Zisis C. Ioannidis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-9111)
M. Gruca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-2250)
D. Kulla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1621-7338)
T. Andreeva
T. Fornal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9240-1199)
V. Lancelotti
A. Goriaev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2599-182X)
N. Kenmochi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-8237)
M. Hirsch
D. Hartmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-6500)
D. Réfy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0846-8236)
J.M. García-Regaña (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-3357)
T. Stange (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-1455)
M. Dreval (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0482-0981)
Haoming Xiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-6190)
R. Kleiber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-2855)
Y.V. Siusko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-7100)
Konstantinos A. Avramidis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-0468)
K. Aleynikova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9606-7346)
B. Jagielski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7551-2869)
M. Richou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-868X)
D. Boeyaert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-8660)
D. Hathiramani
S. Bannmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-9278)
Stefan Heinrich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7901-1698)
O. Neubauer
D. Cipciar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3798-9524)
L. Singh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-5581)
A. Langenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5488)
H. Trimiño Mora (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-756X)
R. Lunsford (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3588-6801)
Sergey Ponomarenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-9329)
G. Gantenbein
H. Damm (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-1608)
K. Schmid (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2502-3765)
A. Zocco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-3658)
A. Bañón Navarro
Shin Kajita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-5241)
E. Scharff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-0692)
J. Droste (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-6496)
B. Shanahan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-8542)
M. Mayer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-6963)
M. Otte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3134-7579)
H. Frerichs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3527-5106)
J.W. Coenen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8579-908X)
Dariusz Makowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-090X)
T. Bluhm (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-5050)
J. Loizu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4862-7393)
A.K. Kharwandikar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7272-1198)
F. Reimold (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-7924)
F. Warmer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-5201)
T. S. Pedersen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-1276)
C. Nührenberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-2035)
M. Salewski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3699-679X)
M. Van Schoor
Daniel Boeckenhoff
M. C. Zarnstorff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-0539)
M. Grahl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-9224)
D. Borodin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-1387)
Alexandra LeViness (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2552-0411)
C. Killer
F. Wilms (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9859-7420)
M. Thumm (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-3166)
H. Greuner
R. Ochoukov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5936-113X)
T. Szabolics (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1321-7722)
R. J. J. Mackenbach (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-0861)
D. Moseev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-8565)
A. K̈onies (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4306-9000)
S. Ballinger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3593-6418)
K. J. Brunner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-0457)
F. D’Isa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-5602)
P. Drews
Nengchao Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-2398)
M. Drevlak
S. Hegedüs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-7020)
I. Calvo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-3463)
R. Neu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-1955)
Michael Gerard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-0536)
Y. Turkin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-9266)
K. Hunger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-1997)
N. Rust
Søren Pape Møller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-5842)
S. Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-3468)
T. Kremeyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-944X)
A. Kirschner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-3225)
A. Mishchenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-4502)
Boudewijn Ph van Milligen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-6274)
M. Borchardt
J. Koschinsky
Luc Van Ham (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-6784)
T. Schröder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8236-0787)
D. Nagy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-7499)
M. Lewerentz
U. Wenzel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-9291)
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Yann Narbutt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-3670)
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S. Bozhenkov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-3532)
L. Podavini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-3768)
J. Rasmussen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-1518)
A. Holtz
C. C. Klepper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-8337)
Kevin Garcia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0821-1024)
G. Birkenmeier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7508-3646)
J. Kontula (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-6208)
S. Henneberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-7032)
Martin R. Larsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-0123)
P. Mulholland
S. Masuzaki
Y. Gao
A. Lorenz
M. Spolaore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-2033)
B. Geiger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8706-1874)
N. B. Marushchenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-9343)
B. Csillag (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4835-3828)
A. Pandey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4423-3140)
P. Aleynikov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3037-3679)
O. Schmitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-9149)
Y. Wei (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-0017)
M. Machielsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-9896)
J. Ongena (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-4739)
E. Rodríguez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7765-704X)
N. Wendler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-6027)
T. Rzesnicki
T. Szepesi
M. Hubeny (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7615-3009)
M. Endler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-8393)
P. E. Geissler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-3749)
Xiaofeng Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6255-3220)
A. Litnovsky (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-4316)
M. Porkolab
E. Ascasíbar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-0994)
K. Hammond (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1104-4434)
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Stefan Hoermann
M. J. Pueschel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3895-1920)
E. Grigore (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-3739)
D. Carralero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7824-3307)
Bernardo Brotas Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8790-8999)
F. Henke
P. van Eeten
L. Krier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-1074)
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S. Varoutis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7346-9569)
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J.C. Schmitt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9407-7636)
S. Mulas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1518-479X)
M. Banduch
M. Krychowiak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4141-5558)
J. L. Terry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-5509)
F.J. Escoto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-7277)
C. D. Beidler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-239X)
P. Pons-Villalonga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3225-0592)
D.R. Smith
M. Krause
C. Biedermann
Attila Buzás (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-7764)
V. Rohde (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-7664)
F. Pisano
S. Kwak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-7575)
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M. Jabłczyńska
Rongxing Yi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4422-5178)
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S. Lazerson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8002-0121)
S. Degenkolbe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-1466)
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D. Castaño-Bardawil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-8310)
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Christos Tantos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-2364)
Winfried Kernbichler
E. Flom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-9380)
G. Anda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-0949)
Ioannis Chelis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2997-2586)
B. Lee
A. Alonso (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1259-0573)
M. Balden
G. Czymek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-0715)
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F. Carovani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-5613)
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E. R. Sánchez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-6783)
R. Takacs
A. E. White (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-9749)
J.S. Wagner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1302-1498)
Robert J. Davies (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6488-5539)
Colin Swee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-6777)
J. Proll
A. Spring (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5072-3763)
P. Nelde (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-5570)
G. Sias (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-301X)
J. Knauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-6472)
M. Jakubowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3497)
A. Kumar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-4552)
Lukas Feuerstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8938-034X)
U. Neuner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-0148)
D. Gradic (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6109-9345)
Yu.V. Kovtun
Makoto Kobayashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-2154)
S. Sereda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0180-6279)
G. Weir (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2370-409X)
J.-P. Bähner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-2747)
Sebastian Thiede (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-2611)
U. Stroth
M. Vecsei
K. Rahbarnia
J. A. Alcusón (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-7432)
Jiawu Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-9856)
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J. L. Velasco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-1422)
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G. Kocsis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5579-6746)
E. Viezzer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-6848)
K.P. Hollfeld
T. Gonda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8601-6531)
Ronald de Wolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-6090)
J. F. Guerrero Arnaiz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7650-2918)
U. Kamionka
J. Schilling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6363-6554)
Ł. Syrocki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6595-1139)
R. C. Wolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-5289)
G. Cseh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-8070)
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D. Naujoks (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4265-6078)
G. Satheeswaran
P. Despontin
A. Carls (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-6637)
C. Kawan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2784-5245)
R. Bussiahn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6408-0922)
M. Stern
N. Chaudhary (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-2487)
Dogyun Hwangbo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-2248)
M. Kubkowska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-7468)
Hiroyuki Yamada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9847-5431)
M. Yokoyama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5206-6157)
J. Geiger
J. Harris
V. Winters
E. Pawelec
A. Puig Sitjes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-6068)
T. Johansson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-716X)
A. Cappa
E. Edlund
E. Maragkoudakis
Tobias Ruess (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0957-5180)
Kieran Joseph McCarthy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5881-1442)
S. K. Hansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5146-1056)
R. Schroeder
S. Vaz Mendes
Katharina Hoefler
L. Ryć (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5144-0098)
Christopher G. Albert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-416X)
V. Haak
Y. Feng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3846-4279)
H. Thienpondt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-0853)
S. J. Meitner
V. Bykov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-0631)
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A. Knieps (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-7188)
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B. Plaum (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-3632)
S. Simko
P. Helander
C. Brandt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-4629)
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G. Schlisio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-0645)
Thilo Romba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-9385)
U. Hoefel
M.D. Kuczyński (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-9816)
J. Meineke
G. D. Conway (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-4268)
J. Fellinger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2380-0329)
D.A. Ennis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4833-5884)
R. Pavlichenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-5699)
Th. Rummel
A. Dinklage
B. Buttenschoen
E. Aymerich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3787-7685)
S. Togo
G. Motojima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-3082)
D. Rondeshagen
Matthias Markl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3000-7081)
G. Partesotti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9465-7885)
G. Jouniaux
M. Khokhlov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7305-6886)
M. Verstraeten (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-7625)
S. Illy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-1531)
John Jelonnek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-7600)
J. Schacht (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-5039)
D. Zhang
H. Thomsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6835-1494)
Y. Corre
W. Dekeyser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1954-3729)
Betsy Smith
M. Beurskens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-0279)
Simon Fischer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-4092)
V. V. Lutsenko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2143-3433)
G. G. Plunk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4012-4038)
S. K. Nielsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4175-3829)
P. Costello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8390-7710)
Nassim Maaziz
R. Lopez-Cansino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5806-2992)
C. Büschel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3864-8008)
A. Menzel-Barbara
A. Demby
Jie Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5019-6393)
J. Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-7620)
J. Martínez-Fernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-8420)
A. González (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-9993)
M. Nagel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-1502)
M. Schneider (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-6861)
L. Sánchez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-5298)
J. W. Oosterbeek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1775-4501)
Yang Luo
V. Perseo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-9002)
M. Zanini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-1106)
J. Jin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-7411)
S. Jabłoński (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-1479)
R. Ragona (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-5732)
D. L. C. Agapito Fernando (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1630-5901)
Anders Møller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-2314)
J. Zimmermann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3755-6529)
Liang Liao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0022-9678)
C. Ruset (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3686)
V. Moiseenko
J. de la Riva Villén (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7529-8472)
G. Godino-Sedano
Björn Hamstra
L. V. Henschke
S.A. Korteweg
I. Ksia ̧zek
I. Kuzmych
N.S. Polei
H. Bouvain
M. Śle ̧czka
Timo Thun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-7738)
Anastasios Tsikouras
M. Wappl
Bartosz Zamorski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0441-6516)
C. Dyhring
M. Arvanitou
L.D. Lopez Rodriguez
N. Tamura
D. Nicolai
F. Wang
S. Chen
L. Baylor
T. Tork
J. Koster
M. Vervier
C. Slaby
D. Maurer
A. Winter
C. P. Dhard
M. Rud
H.I. Cu Castillo
M. Houry
H. M. Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8071-0990)
S. G. Baek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8029-3525)
G. Offermanns
T. Klinger
E.A. Pasch
Matthew Espinosa
A. Runov
Y. Suzuki
B. J. Peterson
D. Dunai
J. P. Kallmeyer
O. Marchuk
S. Brezinsek
Ya. I. Kolesnichenko
J. Huang
H. Braune
B. Schweer
T. Bräuer
S. Zoletnik
I. Stepanov
N. Panadero Alvarez
L. Vanó
K. Riße
D. T. Fehling
P. McNeely
K. Ida
Ye. O. Kazakov
Diana Roque
Maria Cornelissen

Institutions

University of Stuttgart (DE)
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
University of Szczecin (PL)
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (IT)
Hiroshima University (JP)
Australian National University (AU)
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
Uppsala University (SE)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (US)
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
University of Tsukuba (JP)
University of Opole (PL)
Forschungszentrum Jülich (DE)
University of Cagliari (IT)
Lodz University of Technology (PL)
National Institutes of Natural Sciences (JP)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
Tohoku University (JP)
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (US)
Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (UA)
Ghent University (BE)
Universität Greifswald (DE)
Graz University of Technology (AT)
Institute of Physics (PL)
National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics (RO)
National Institute for Fusion Science (JP)
CEA Cadarache (FR)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Greifswald (DE)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (DE)
Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (PL)
Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (NL)
Institute for Nuclear Research (UA)
HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research (HU)
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (ES)
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
Technische Universität Berlin (DE)
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
Technical University of Munich (DE)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
The University of Tokyo (JP)
Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
Auburn University (US)
Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (UA)
SUNY Cortland (US)
National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (RU)
Technical University of Denmark (DK)
Aalto University (FI)
KU Leuven (BE)

Publication Details

Journal: Nuclear Fusion
Published: 2024-08-15
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad2f4d
Citations: 31
Primary Topic: Magnetic confinement fusion research
Type: article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact: 20.45

Funders

EUROfusion
European Commission
Euratom Research and Training Programme

Overview of the first Wendelstein 7-X long pulse campaign with fully water-cooled plasma facing components

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Funders

Overview of the first Wendelstein 7-X long pulse campaign with fully water-cooled plasma facing components

Overview of the first Wendelstein 7-X long pulse campaign with fully water-cooled plasma facing components

Abstract

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