Chemical Composition Analysis and Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Crude Extract of Flueggea leucopyrus on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema in Wistar Albino Rats

A member of the Phyllanthaceae family, <i>Flueggea leucopyrus</i> is a well-known plant in the tribal areas of Sri Lanka, India's Shaurastra region, Australia, and Malaysia. This study provides information about <i>Flueggea leucopyrus</i>, a plant with a wide range of therapeutic uses in India. Different extracts from the leaves and roots of <i>Flueggea leucopyrus</i> were evaluated for their physical and chemical properties, preliminary phytochemical parameters, and pharmacological activities in the current study, followed by their fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aqueous extract of <i>Flueggea leucopyrus</i> leaves and roots have more different phytochemical elements than other solvent extracts, according to physico-chemical tests and phytochemical screening. As a result, the FT-IR, GC-MS, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of an aqueous extract were tested. Studies on hind paw edemas caused by carrageenan in albino rats examined the mean increase in paw volume and the percentage inhibition in paw volume at various time points following the injection of carrageenan (1% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>). In comparison to the norm, these inhibitions were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The aqueous extract of <i>Flueggea leucopyrus</i> leaves and roots have both antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, indicating that it has the potential to be used in the formulation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory medications in the future.