GENETIC MECHANISMS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE FEMORAL HIP JOINT

Osteoarthritis of the hip is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by various genetic and environmental influences. This review emphasizes the contributions of key genetic mechanisms, particularly the COL2A1 and GDF5 genes, to cartilage damage and the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Genetic mutations, polymorphisms, and variations in these genes are linked to heightened risks and more severe clinical presentations of osteoarthritis, especially in patients following COVID-19. Furthermore, additional genes involved in inflammatory responses and cartilage metabolism also play a crucial role in disease development. The insights gained from genetic research may lead to innovative approaches to early diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and improved management strategies for osteoarthritis. Future studies utilizing larger patient cohorts and advanced genetic analysis methods are essential to confirm these findings and enhance understanding of osteoarthritis, ultimately improving preventive and therapeutic interventions.