Critical view of safety, a lighthouse for the surgeons in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective cohort study of 100 patients

Abstract Introduction: Safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), like other surgeries, is of utmost importance. There are many landmarks defined to do the procedures safely. One of them is the critical view of safety (CVS). The present study focuses on the achievement of CVS and the factors affecting it. Patients and Methods: The prospective cohort study was carried out in 100 patients who underwent LC in our institute from January to December 2023. After obtaining informed consent, patients underwent LC with standard four port method and intraoperative observations were made. Statistical analysis was done on Microsoft Excel sheet version 2021 and SPSS software version 21. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of hundred patients, conversion to open was done in 12 patients. A significant association was found between the non-achievement of CVS with conversion to open ( P < 0.00001). Factors that significantly affected the non-achievement of CVS were male gender ( P < 0.00001) and obesity ( P = 0.00322) as per the current study. Bile duct injury and bile leak ( P = 0.0076) were significantly higher in patients where CVS was not achieved. Conclusion: CVS is an important landmark in LC. It helps to conduct the procedure safely and prevent injuries to bile ducts and vessels.