Impact of landscape pattern on habitat quality in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2030

Recently, rapid economic development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt region in China and the growing problem of regional habitat quality have seriously threatened the process of biodiversity conservation in the Yangtze River Basin. Studying the impact of changes in landscape pattern indexes on habitat quality in the Yangtze River Economic Belt can provide policy insights for biodiversity conservation in the Yangtze River Basin. However, existing studies are still lacking in exploring the effects of changing landscape pattern indices on habitat quality under future scenarios. Based on the land use data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2020, this study simulates the land use situation in 2030, and analyzes the landscape pattern indexes and habitat quality during the 30 years, to investigate the impact of landscape pattern indexes on habitat quality at global and local scales through various methods. The results show that landscape patterns were significantly affected by human activities and land use types, with the Yangtze River Economic Belt experiencing increased levels of land use and structural stabilization during the three decades (Shannon Diversity Index increased from 0.90 in 2000 to 0.94 in 2030), fragmentation of the landscape (Landscape fragmentation index increase from 0.094 in 2000 to 0.102 in 2030), and weakened connectivity (contagion index decrease from 48.213 in 2000 to 45.437 in 2030). The Habitat Quality has a large variation in spatial distribution at the county scale, with an average change in habitat quality of 1.04 % from 2000 to 2030, and an overall downward trend. There is a strong localized spatial autocorrelation between landscape pattern indices and habitat quality, with significant spatial heterogeneity and some form of variability at time scales. The results of this study help to further understand the eco-environmental problems of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and provide theoretical references for the formulation of ecological environmental protection policies and ecological functional area planning.