Fluctuations oil prices in the world and their impact on Indonesian macroeconomics

Abstract Changes in international crude oil prices can significantly impact economic outcomes. This study tested the impact of oil price fluctuations on macroeconomic variables in Indonesia. The data used is annual data from 1990 to 2021 with the specific purpose of solving the current research deficiency about swings in oil prices. study adds five macroeconomic variables as explanatory factors to accomplish this purpose. We use five macroeconomic variables: economic growth, inflation, interest rates, industrial production, and exchange rates. The impact of oil price fluctuations on GDP, inflation, exchange rates, interest rates, and industrial production indices in Indonesia is examined within a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) framework. Research shows that oil price shocks significantly impact GDP, inflation, and exchange rate. The results also show that oil price shocks hurt two other variables: the interest rate variable and the industrial production index. The findings derived from the analysis of the impulse response function indicate a detrimental effect on the growth of production, while exerting a favourable influence on inflation. However, the impact on industrial production, interest rates, and exchange rates is very modest and characterised by a degree of uncertainty.