Emergence of fluctuating hydrodynamics in chaotic quantum systems
Abstract A fundamental principle of chaotic quantum dynamics is that local subsystems eventually approach a thermal equilibrium state. The corresponding timescales increase with subsystem size as equilibration is limited by the hydrodynamic build-up of fluctuations on extended length scales. We perform large-scale quantum simulations that monitor particle-number fluctuations in tunable ladders of hard-core bosons and explore how the build-up of fluctuations changes as the system crosses over from integrable to fully chaotic dynamics. Our results indicate that the growth of large-scale fluctuations in chaotic, far-from-equilibrium systems is quantitatively determined by equilibrium transport coefficients, in agreement with the predictions of fluctuating hydrodynamics. This emergent hydrodynamic behaviour of subsystem fluctuations provides a test of fluctuation–dissipation relations far from equilibrium and allows the accurate determination of equilibrium transport coefficients using far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics.
Authors
- Julian F. Wienand (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9347-0850)
- Immanuel Bloch
- Ewan McCulloch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-7628)
- Monika Aidelsburger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-3337)
- Sarang Gopalakrishnan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-7600)
- Alexander Impertro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0609-4189)
- C. Schweizer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-947X)
- Simon Karch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2744-3871)
- Romain Vasseur (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-4172)
Institutions
- Princeton University (US)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (DE)
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (DE)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Physics
- Published
- 2024-08-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02611-z
- Citations
- 33
- Primary Topic
- Quantum many-body systems
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 10.80
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Australian Government
- International Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular and Molecular Microbiology
- European Commission
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- International Max Planck Research School for Quantum Science and Technology
- Division of Materials Research