ARRHYTHMIAS IN HEART FAILURE: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Heart failure is a medical condition caused by various factors and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Significantly, heart failure provokes changes in the expression and regulation of ion channels, leading to electrical remodelling that can increase the risk of arrhythmias. Structural remodelling in heart failure, which involves myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and scar formation, is crucial in the development of arrhythmogenic conditions. This article examines the mechanisms contributing to increased susceptibility to arrhythmias and associated ion channel expression, function, and calcium homeostasis alterations in heart failure. Understanding the mechanisms of arrhythmogenic remodelling is essential to improve arrhythmia treatment and prevent sudden cardiac death in patients with heart failure.