Quantitative analysis of the high speed and high precision waveform digital system for Jinping Neutrino Experiment

Abstract The Jinping Neutrino Experiment (JNE) aims to construct a 500-ton liquid scintillator detector for detecting and studying neutrinos. In JNE data analysis, particle energy and position reconstruction are crucial, with result accuracy closely related to the performance of the waveform digitization system. This study developed a quantitative model to explore correlations between sampling characteristics (effective number of bits and sampling rate) and detector system performance (single photoelectron charge spectrum resolution and transfer time spread). Additionally, three ADCs (Tsinghua ADC13B1G, ADI AD9695, TI ADS54J60) and MCP-PMTs were utilized to validate the model accuracy. The experimental results for the system charge spectrum resolution are in alignment with the theoretical predictions. When the ENOB of the ADC exceeds 10.66-bit and the sampling rate exceeds 1 GSPS, the system charge spectrum resolution is better than 45%, approaching the PMT inherent resolution of 44%. The transfer time spread within the system demonstrates minimal impact from the ADC sampling characteristics. These results serve as a reference for upgrading the JNE 60-channel and 4000-channel readout electronic systems. Additionally, this study can assist developers in maximizing the performance of physics experiment readout electronics systems within constrained budgets.