Fuzzy logic-based prediction and parametric optimizing using particle swarm optimization for performance improvement in pyramid solar still

The primary objective of this study is to develop a robust model that employs a fuzzy logic interface (FL) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to forecast the optimal parameters of a pyramid solar still (PSS). The model considers a range of environmental variables and varying levels of silver nanoparticles (Ag) mixed with paraffin wax, serving as a phase change material (PCM). The study focuses on three key factors: solar intensity ranging from 350 to 950 W/m², water depth varying between 4 and 8 cm, and silver (Ag) nanoparticle concentration ranging from 0.5 to 1.5% and corresponding output responses are productivity (<i>P</i>), glass temperature (<i>T</i>_g), and basin water temperature (<i>T</i>_w). The experimental design is based on Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. A technique for ordering preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) is utilized to optimize the process parameters of PSS. Incorporating a fuzzy inference system (FIS) aims to minimize the uncertainty within the system, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to fine-tune the optimal settings. These methodologies are employed to forecast the optimal conditions required to enhance the productivity of the PSS<b>.</b>