Modified Zweifel Coefficient and Lift Coefficient Definition Considering Compressible Effect

The accurate prediction of blade loading is crucial to designing efficient turbomachinery, but traditional methods often neglect the impact of compressibility, leading to inaccuracies at high speeds. This study investigates the effect of compressibility on the blade loading parameters, particularly the Zweifel coefficient (Zw) and lift coefficient (CL), in turbine cascades. A novel intermediate method (IM), with averaged flow properties derived from both inlet and outlet conditions, is proposed to enhance the accuracy of Zw and CL calculations in compressible flow regimes. This method is based on the extended Kutta–Joukowski theorem for compressible flow and incorporates the Mach number directly into the modified definitions of Zw and CL. The analysis reveals that the averaged flow angle (αm), calculated by using a velocity-weighted approach, serves as a crucial parameter for blade similarity studies. The proposed correction method is applied and validated based on CFD simulations of the VKI-RG turbine cascade. The IM and modified definitions provide a robust framework for accurately predicting blade loading at high speeds, enabling improved design and analysis of turbomachinery.