Redescription of the type of <i>Cormocephalus brasiliensis</i> Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae), with taxonomic remarks on the species

Cormocephalus brasiliensis Humbert & Saussure, 1870 has been described based on a single damaged specimen and without detailed information or illustrations. Since then, there has been no further detailed treatment of the taxon. Here, C. brasiliensis is redescribed in detail and illustrated based on the type material plus extra material from Brazil, Colombia, Panama and Ecuador; a diagnosis for the species is provided; its distribution is updated and expanded, with new records for some states in Brazil. The relationships between C. brasiliensis and C. edithae González-Sponga, 2000, C. ungulatus (Meinert, 1886) and C. impressus unimarginatus Bücherl, 1941 are analyzed; both C. ungulatus and C. impressus unimarginatus are junior synonyms of C. brasiliensis. The presence of the latter within the Neotropical subclade called the 'guildingii-subgroup' is examined and confirmed.