Identification of IgE-mediated sensitization in children by enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence methods

The goal of research was to determine the frequency of detection and the structure of causally significant sensitization to the main groups of allergens in children with allergic diseases in Siberia when evaluating the results by enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence analysis. We researched 968 children with allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, urticaria, and/or allergic dermatitis undergoing treatment at the Consultative and Diagnostic Center for Allergology and Immunology, GDKB No. 2 named after V.P. Bisyarina of Omsk. Blood serum samples were diagnosed in the laboratory of clinical immunology. Also, the allergen-specific IgE concentrations were determined for 109 allergens, including food allergens (milk, egg, meat, fish, cereals, fruits, vegetables), household allergens (epidermal pets, dust and house dust mites, molds), and inhaled antigens (grass, trees). Analysis of 435 children was carried out by enzyme immunoassay, and 533 children by indirect immunofluorescence. The research revealed the predominance in children with allergic diseases in Siberia of IgE-mediated sensitization to household allergens, which were detected in 33.7% of the examined. IgE-mediated sensitization to inhalation and food allergens was 1.5 times less common. According to our research, the most common causative allergen among households was house dust (90%), dandruff and animal epithelium (86%), house dust mites (13.5%), and molds (1.4%). The most common causative allergen among pollen was tree allergens (47.8%), cereals (23.5%) and weeds (20.1%). The presence of multivalent sensitization with a predominant combination of household and respiratory allergens and a rarer combination of household and food allergens has been experimentally established.