Assessment of Serum Magnesium In Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction:Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is the most common metabolic disease of childhood characterized by chronic hyperglycemia accompanied by disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from a relative or absolute insufficiency of insulin secretion. Magnesium and some trace elements known to act as antioxidants or related directly to glucose metabolism which may be altered in diabetes mellitus.Aim of the Study: was to assess levels of serum Mg in T1DM children and to correlate their levels with different parameters.Subjects and methods: This study was conducted upon 120 child who were randomly selected; 80 with T1DM from the Pediatric Diabetes outpatients’ Clinic, Maternity and Children Minia University Hospital, Egypt. Another 40 children apparently healthy were taken as a control group. The study was conducted during the period from December 2020 to December 2021.All children were subjected to the following: history taking, general and systematic examination and laboratory investigations including; serum Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium levels,.Results: Diabetic groups had significant lower levels of Mg than the control and serum magnesium was insignificantly lower in cases with longer duration of disease (>5years) than those with short duration. Serum magnesium level was negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes. Conclusion: we found that serum Mg levels were lower in newly diagnosed and much more lower in the long standing diabetic children. Serum Mg had significant correlations with duration of diabetes and HA1C%,TC,TG and LDL which suggest that hypomagnesaemia may increase the risk for chronic cardiovascular for complications.