COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WHEN TRANSPORTING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS BY RAIL

There are given results of a comparative analysis of existing organizational and technical means to protect the environment from the negative effects of transporting petroleum products by rail. Each of the transportation stages is considered and based on the results obtained reasonable conclusions are drawn about the most problematic stage in terms of the effectiveness of existing environmental protection measures. The study objective is to analyze the effectiveness of existing organizational and technical means to protect the environment from polluting effects of railway transport with petroleum products. The relevance of the work is ensured by Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation "On National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030 and for the Future up to 2036" dated 05/07/2024 No. 309 in terms of reducing emissions of dangerous pollutants and preventing environmental pollution in cities and towns. Scientific novelty is in the fact that for the first time the problem of low efficiency of environmental protection provided by technical means operating at the stage of unloading oil cargoes is highlighted. Based on the results obtained during the analysis of environmental protection from the polluting effects during transportation of oil-bulk cargoes, a conclusion is made about the insufficient level of technical equipment of unloading petroleum products, expressed in the absence of a preventive safety complex.