Monitoring and Analysis of Surface Three-dimensional Deformation of Mining Area based on MSBAS Technology and Mining Subsidence Model

Accurate monitoring of mining three-dimensional deformation plays an important role in analyzing the subsidence mechanism and assessing potential geological hazards in the mining area. This paper combines TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2 heterogeneous SAR images employing MSBAS technology to obtain the three-dimensional time-series of deformation of the 132 610 working face in the Fengfeng mine from December 2015 to February 2016. The monitoring results show that the maximum surface subsidence and the subsidence rate during the monitoring period were –243 mm and 4.42 mm/day, and the maximum east-west horizontal movement was –80~30 mm. The surface subsidence basin is in the active stage, which is prone to pose a threat to the safety of the surrounding structures. Comparison with the leveling data shows that the root-mean-square deviation of the vertical deformation obtained by MSBAS technology is 10.7 mm, and the accuracy can reach the centimeter level. Meanwhile, based on the vertical deformation obtained by MSBAS technology, combined with the proportionality relationship between horizontal movement and tilt, the north-south horizontal movement was estimated as –80~70 mm, which provided a solution for obtaining the north-south horizontal movement of the mining area by InSAR. Analysis of the three-dimensional time-series of the surface deformation at the main sections shows that the surface deformation features during the mining process of the 132610 working face match well with the general model of mining subsidence, but the working face inclination angle has an influence on the surface deformation.