Importance of Hemoglobin SC (HbSC) Screening: Diagnosis of Sickle Cell HbSC Disease Following Hemolytic Crisis and Pulmonary Embolism Due to Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC Line) Thrombosis

Sickle cell disease includes various inherited hemoglobinopathies due to the production of abnormal hemoglobin molecules. This can lead to significant clinical complications and sequelae. Hemoglobin SC (HbSC) is a notable variant of SCD, requiring early diagnosis and management to prevent severe outcomes. This case report highlights the critical need for SCD screening, particularly among immigrant populations where current U.S. guidelines do not mandate arrival screening. We present the case of a West African male, age 45, with chronic osteomyelitis, who developed a life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE) due to peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC line) thrombosis, triggering a hemolytic crisis and thereby revealing HbSC disease. The authors of this report advocate for routine SCD screening in high-risk populations through targeted screening programs. Through multidisciplinary management and public health initiatives, we can address the gap in screening and ensure early detection and treatment of SCD in vulnerable populations.