Determinants of Nursing Risk Diagnosis of Decrease in Heart Rate in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease at the Aceh Provincial General Hospital

Decreased cardiac output is a primary nursing diagnosis for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate consideration and action. This study aims to identify the determinants of decreased cardiac output diagnosis in patients with CVD at the Aceh Provincial General Hospital. The research variables include smoking status, sodium diet, and cholesterol levels, with a cross-sectional study design and a sample size of 80 CVD patients selected through convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted through physical examinations, patient/family interviews using a questionnaire guide, and a review of patient history information from medical records. The data collection tools comprised a sociodemographic questionnaire, Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and a decreased cardiac output questionnaire adopted from the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards (SDKI). Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between smoking status and sodium diet with decreased cardiac output (P < 0.00), but no relationship between cholesterol levels and decreased cardiac output (P > 0.469). The hospital and nursing staff are recommended to enhance education on the impact of smoking, sodium diet intake, and cholesterol levels on decreased cardiac output.