The first large scale rDNA amplicon database of soil microbiomes from Pamir Plateau, China

The Eastern Pamir, distinguished with high altitude, extremely arid and cold climate, limited nutrients and sparse vegetation, is a unique ecological reservoir. Microbial communities play a central role in maintaining Eastern Pamir's ecosystem functioning. Despite the ecological significance, due to the difficulty of sample collection and microbial isolation, the microbial diversity and its functionality at the Pamir Plateau have been rarely documented. To fill this gap, 80 soil samples from 17 sites across different elevations were collected, performed the rDNA amplicon sequencing to present the first large-scale overview of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities in the Eastern Pamir. Microbiome analysis revealed that the bacteria Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia, alongside such as archaea Nitrososphaeria and Halobacteria, and fungi including Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were dominant lineages at class level in soil microbial communities. The community structure and biodiversity of soil microorganisms provided by this dataset would be pivotal for future studies aimed at understanding the biogeographical distribution, ecological functions and environmental responses of microbial communities of the Pamir Plateau.