The Aesthetics and Pragmatics of Symmetry in High-Gain and Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna Design

In this study, a high-gain broadband circularly polarized crossed dipole antenna is designed. This antenna utilizes two pairs of cross dipoles and a pair of phase delay lines to form circularly polarized radiation. Open-circuit stubs are symmetrically loaded on the four arms of these dipole pairs to introduce new circularly polarized resonating frequencies. Additionally, a symmetrically positioned rectangular ring patch is introduced directly beneath the cross dipoles to generate the third circularly polarized resonating frequency, thereby enhancing the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna symmetrically. Furthermore, metal posts are symmetrically loaded at the four right angles of the rectangular ring patch to augment the antenna gain, maintaining the overall symmetrical balance crucial for optimal circularly polarized radiation performance. This symmetric design ensures that the antenna achieves a 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 29.2% (1.9–2.55 GHz) and sustains a gain of 7.5 dB within the passband, showcasing excellent circularly polarized radiation attributes.