BRAIN TUMOR AND EPILEPSY IN CHILDREN: CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT

Introduction: Brain tumors in children often present a complex intersection with epilepsy, creating significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. The presence of brain tumors can lead to the development of epilepsy, which may manifest in various forms depending on the tumor's location and type. Clinical complications include refractory epileptic seizures, neuropsychomotor development impairment, and deterioration in quality of life. Surgical treatment can be crucial for both tumor removal and seizure control, offering the possibility of seizure remission and improving overall prognosis. Objective: The systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the relationship between brain tumors and epilepsy in children, focusing on clinical complications and surgical treatment strategies. Methodology: The methodology followed the PRISMA checklist to ensure a comprehensive and rigorous review. Databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science were consulted using descriptors like "pediatric brain tumor," "epilepsy in children," "clinical complications," "surgical treatment," and "pediatric neurosurgery." Inclusion criteria were studies on brain tumors in children, research addressing epilepsy as a symptom or complication, and articles describing surgical treatment. Articles not available in full text, studies outside the pediatric scope, and publications prior to 2014 were excluded. Results: The review revealed that brain tumors can cause epilepsy due to cortical irritation and neural dysfunction. Surgical treatment is often effective in reducing or eliminating epileptic seizures but can be challenging due to the tumor's location and characteristics. Additionally, the results showed that complete tumor resection is associated with better clinical outcomes in terms of seizure control. The literature also highlighted the importance of postoperative monitoring to detect and manage complications. Conclusion: Brain tumors in children frequently lead to epilepsy, and surgical treatment is essential for seizure control and improving quality of life. Complete tumor removal is crucial for positive outcomes, and ongoing monitoring is necessary to manage potential complications. The review highlighted the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize clinical outcomes and patient quality of life.