Informing an investment case for Japanese encephalitis vaccine introduction in Bangladesh
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major threat to human health. Bangladesh is considering introducing a JEV vaccine; however, the investment case is hampered by a limited understanding of key aspects of JEV ecology. We conducted a seroprevalence study in a high-incidence region using an assay that limits cross-reactivity with dengue virus. We also trapped mosquitoes and collected information about potential host species. We used mathematical models to recover risk factors for infection and underlying probabilities of severe disease and death. We observed 19.0% [95% confidence interval (CI):17.1 to 21.1] of JEV antibodies. On average, 0.7% (95% CI: 0.2 to 2.0) of the susceptible population gets infected yearly, with pig proximity being the main human infection risk factor. Our traps captured 10 different mosquito species that have been linked with JEV transmission. We estimated that 1 in 1000 infections results in severe disease, 1 in 10,000 results in death, and 76% of severe cases are missed by surveillance.
Authors
- Mariana Perez Duque (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-8402)
- Repon C. Paul (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2909-5691)
- Simon Cauchemez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-4549)
- Jessica Vanhomwegen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-1485)
- Mohammad Shafiul Alam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-5499)
- Hasan Mohammad Al‐Amin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-2399)
- Kishor Kumar Paul (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-3571)
- Stephen P. Luby (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-899X)
- Mohammad Enayet Hossain (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5511-1857)
- Megan O’Driscoll (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-5703)
- Mahmudur Rahman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-4852)
- Emily S. Gurley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-9403)
- Abu Mohd Naser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-4446)
- Mohammed Ziaur Rahman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4103-4835)
- Henrik Salje (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3626-4254)
- Gabriel Ribeiro dos Santos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-8755)
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Institut Pasteur (FR)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (BD)
- University of Memphis (US)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2024-08-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adp1657
- Citations
- 7
- Primary Topic
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.80
Funders
- European Commission
- Cambridge Trust
- Gates Cambridge Trust