Evaluation of Incidental Proliferative Non-Proliferative Lesions Detected in Mammoplasty Specimens Performed for Aesthetic Purposes

Aim: Reduction mammoplasty (RM) operations are frequently performed for breast reduction and asymmetry correction. Evaluation of these materials is important in patients at high risk of developing invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) to detect precancerous lesions or lesions that may accompany cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathologic and clinical features of proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in RM materials. Material and Methods: In this study, 214 cases (402 specimens) of RM operated for aesthetic purposes (except gynecomastia) at Eskişehir Osmangazi University Hospital between the years 2020 and 2023 were included. The age of cases, location and bilaterality of the lesions, and proliferative and non-proliferative lesions were evaluated. Results: The mean age of RM cases was 38.5±10.9 years. The most common lesion was apocrine metaplasia in RM materials. Proliferative and non-proliferative lesions were found bilaterally in 24.8% (n=53) of all RM cases. The most common bilaterality was intraductal papilloma and the most common unilateral lesion was ductal ectasia. 0.2% (n=1) case of ductal carcinoma in situ and 0.9% (n=4) cases of lobular carcinoma in situ was found. Conclusion: Detection of high-risk lesions is important for appropriate clinical follow-up. In this study, high-risk proliferative lesions were found considerably in RM cases. Patients with high-risk proliferative lesions should be followed up more closely in terms of cancer risk in the future. In addition, it is crucial to perform a careful macroscopic examination in mammoplasty operations performed for aesthetic purposes to avoid missing these lesions.