New genus and two new species of Cecidomyiidi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inhabiting the fig wall of <scp><i>Ficus subpisocarpa</i></scp> and <scp><i>Ficus caulocarpa</i></scp> (Moraceae) in Japan and Taiwan

Abstract There are approximately 850 species of Ficus (Moraceae). However, few species of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inhabiting syconia and leaves of fig trees are known. In field surveys, gall midges were found in syconia of Ficus caulocarpa and Ficus subpisocarpa . Here, we examined adults, pupae and larvae of the gall midge species, describe the morphology, and provide information on distribution, behavior and genetic data. A new genus, Ficidiplosis Yukawa and Arimoto, gen. nov ., is established in the supertribe Cecidomyiidi for two new species, Ficidiplosis subpisocarpae Yukawa and Arimoto, sp. nov . and Ficidiplosis caulocarpae Yukawa and Arimoto, sp. nov ., which emerged from syconia of Ficus subpisocarpa and Ficus caulocarpa , respectively, in Japan and Taiwan. The larvae of Ficidiplosis species feed on the parenchyma of the fig wall and pupate there without making galls. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)‐based neighbor‐joining tree using samples from Japan and Taiwan supported the existence of two separate species.