Textile dyeing wastewater negatively influences the hematological profile and reproductive health of male Swiss albino mice

Objective: To determine the effects of textile dyeing industrial wastewater on the hematological parameters and reproductive health including histoarchitecture of male gonad (testes) of mice. Methods: Twenty-four Swiss albino mice at 4-weeks old were divided into four groups ( n =6 per group). Mice of group 1 supplied with normal drinking water were served as the control group. Mice of group 2, 3 and 4 were supplied normal drinking water mixed with textile dyeing wastewater at 5%, 10% and 20% concentration, respectively. After completing 24 weeks of treatment, different hematological profile, weight of testes, gonadosomatic index (GSI), sperm concentration and morphology were measured. Moreover, histopathological changes in testes were examined. Results: Hematocrit value and hemoglobin concentrations were decreased in all groups of wastewater-treated mice compared to the control group. Likewise, weight of testes, GSI and sperm concentration were decreased significantly in wastewater-treated mice in comparison to the control group. The percentage of morphologically healthy epididymal sperm was significantly reduced in wastewater-treated mice. Histopathological examination revealed degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules, a smaller number of spermatogenic cells, elongation of seminiferous tubules and degenerative changes of seminiferous tubules in wastewater- treated mice. Conclusions: Textile dyeing wastewater has harmful effects on hematological profile and reproductive health of male mice.