Advancements and Challenges in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer (PC), characterized by a dismal 5-year survival rate of approximately 12%, remains one of the most aggressive cancers. Majority of cases are identified at advanced stages, which are beyond the scope of surgical resection. Importantly, while the overall prognosis for PC is poor, localized stages of the disease can significantly enhance survival chances because of the potential for curative interventions. We explore the evolution of early detection strategies, including screening methods for high-risk individuals, the yield of diagnostic tests, and the impact of emerging technologies. Special emphasis is given to the role of artificial intelligence in overcoming the limitations of standard imaging practices, thereby refining diagnostic accuracy, and predicting patient outcomes. Our review synthesizes current controversies and addresses the technological advancements that could potentially shift the paradigm toward improved survival rates for patients with PC.