Modeling of Water Age in Distribution Systems- Case Study

Ensuring water quality in water distribution systems (WDS) is crucial for public health. Water authorities aim to provide consumers with an adequate supply of high-quality water at optimal pressure. This study focuses on a segment of Erbil City's WDS to analyze hydraulic parameters and water quality, particularly water age, using observed and documented data. The primary objective is to determine the age of water as it travels within the distribution system. The research utilizes EPANET 2.2 for a comprehensive case study, with digital loggers monitoring pressure and ultrasonic flow meters measuring discharges. The findings are expected to help develop new water projects and improve existing infrastructure, contributing to responsible water management and public well-being. Access to clean drinking water significantly impacts society, the economy, health, and the environment.