Assessment of Efficacy of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid as Dietary Supplement vs Local Drug Delivery on Periodontal Parameters: A Clinico-microbiological Study

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in inflammatory cell phospholipids increases with greater ingestion of those fatty acids.Human inflammatory cells incorporate EPA and DHA in a dose-response manner, partially at the expense of arachidonic acid. 5 Additionally, EPA can function as a substrate for the enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), producing eicosanoids that differ significantly from arachidonic acidderived eicosanoids in terms of structure.Therefore, it has been demonstrated that adding fish oil to the diet increases the formation of leukotriene B5 (LTB5), leukotriene E5 (LTE5), IntroductIonAbout half of the general population has been affected by the multifactorial inflammator y condition known as periodontitis. 1 Formation of a bacterial biofilm on tooth surfaces initially leads to gingivitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the gingival soft tissues.If dental hygiene is enhanced, inflammation will completely disappear under normal physiological circumstances. 2 If left untreated, periodontitis may develop to an advanced stage that eventually results in decreased support for the teeth, problems with esthetics and functionality, and ultimately the loss of teeth.The onset and course of periodontitis are influenced by several variables. 1These include inherited traits, underlying illnesses like diabetes, and a person's behavioral characteristics like smoking and dental hygiene.The host reaction is the primary determinant of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of therapy, despite the fact that the disease cannot begin without the creation of bacterial biofilms. 3 It has been shown that recently developed chemical mediators generated from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) regulate the acute inflammatory response by triggering local resolution.Fatty acids having more than one carbon double bond are known as PUFAs, and they include omega-3 (ω-3), ω-6, and ω-9 fatty acids.It has been demonstrated that these fatty acids are all antiinflammatory. 4 The amount of long-chain ω-3 PUFAs, such as 1,