Effect of Balance Training on Diabetic Geriatric Population using FAME (Fitness and Mobility Exercise) Program

Background: Diabetes is one of the major significant worldwide health concerns of the twenty-first century, ranking as the fourth or fifth leading cause of death. Inactivity is associated with the repression of insulin-sensitive kinases and may boost the collection of FFA (Free Fatty Acids) in skeletal muscle. In addition to diabetes's direct effects on neurons, disruptions to the vascular system and the neuronal support provided by Schwann cells also contribute to neuropathy. Patients with persistent diabetes are experiencing an increased frequency of falls. Unfortunately, a lot of people who are vulnerable to fall become fearful of falling, which makes them less active and less mobile. As a result, their physical fitness declines. Studies have been showed that exercise training programs can greatly strengthen the balance and gait of older adults with diabetes, despite the fact that they frequently have an elevated risk of falling. An interventional approach is necessary to reduce falls in individuals with diabetes, and there is compelling evidence of a benefit in the elderly population. Fitness and Mobility Exercise program (FAME) is a community-based exercise program for individuals designed to enhance mobility and fitness and mitigate the risk of subsequent complications such as falls and fractures. Aim: To examine the effect of balance training using FAME program in diabetic geriatric population. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of balance training using FAME program in diabetic geriatric population with the help of Tinetti POMA scale and BOOMER scale. Methods: 46 participants out of which 31 males and 15 females were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. At the beginning of the study demographic data was taken. Baseline measurements of balance, gait and functional mobility were taken using Tinetti POMA and BOOMER scale. As per the FAME protocol participants underwent a structured exercise program for 4 weeks consisting of 12 sessions, designed to enhance balance and functional mobility. Outcome measures were again assessed post intervention. Statistical analysis was performed to compare pre and post-intervention outcomes. Results: Statistically significant differences were seen in Tinneti POMA and BOOMER score. Conclusion: This study suggests that implementing a balance exercise program is crucial to enhance and maintain the advantages of exercise in individuals with diabetes. Additionally, it serves to mitigate the risks associated with falls and immobility, thereby promoting overall health and well-being in this population.