Nigeria's Energy Transition Plan: A Technical Analysis, Opportunities, and Recommendations for Sustainable Development

Abstract This work analyses recent Nigeria's Energy Transition Plan (ETP) and its technical assessment to improve the incorporation of Net-Zero Energy Systems (NZES) for the purpose of sustainable energy development in Nigeria. Nigeria is currently at a crucial phase of its energy development, with the goal of shifting towards a more sustainable and ecologically aware energy model. This study assesses the existing ETP, with a specific emphasis on crucial elements including the incorporation of renewable energy, upgrading of the power grid, implementation of energy storage systems, and the establishment of policy frameworks. The objective is to provide strategic suggestions to strengthen Nigeria's energy transition and promote sustainable energy development based on Net-Zero Energy Systems. Given that Power, Oil and Gas, Manufacturing, Cooking, and Transportation industries collectively account for 65% of Nigeria's overall emissions, a streamlined transition framework would facilitate the reduction of emissions from these sectors and the development of sectors associated with solar, hydrogen, and electric cars, expediting the implementation of renewable energy. Important factors to consider include the variety of energy sources used, government financial support for renewable energy, additional capital expenditure for funding clean energy production, and the improvement of infrastructure, resulting in substantial cost reductions for the adoption of renewable energy.