Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emission Quantification Methodologies for Oil and Gas Production Operations

Abstract In the contemporary landscape of environmental sustainability, quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the upstream oil and gas sector is crucial for developing strategies to reduce emissions and mitigate climate change. This paper reviewed existing GHG emission quantification methodologies for upstream oil and gas production operations. We begin by outlining the importance of accurate GHG measurement in climate change mitigation, with a focus on the oil and gas sector's contribution. The paper then categorizes and describes various established methodologies, including bottom-up and top-down approaches, direct measurement, and estimation techniques. The paper also examines the challenges of complex operational environments and varying regulatory frameworks. However, our findings suggest a promising future with a shift towards integrated approaches that combine multiple methodologies to overcome individual limitations and increase overall reliability.